Encryption and decryption are two core processes used to protect data, converting information between its readable and unreadable forms.
- Encryption converts a normal message (plaintext) into an unreadable format (ciphertext), so it can't be understood by anyone without the right key.
- Decryption reverses this process, converting ciphertext back into its original readable plaintext.
The table below shows the major differences between Encryption and Decryption:
| Encryption | Decryption |
|---|---|
| Converts plaintext into ciphertext | Converts ciphertext back into plaintext |
| Takes place at the sender's end | Takes place at the receiver's end |
| Protects data by making it unreadable to unauthorized parties | Restores data so the intended recipient can read it |
| Can use a secret key or a public key | Can use a secret key or a private key |
| Output is unintelligible ciphertext | Output is the original plaintext message |
Real-Life Examples
Encryption
- WhatsApp Messaging: Uses end-to-end encryption so that messages are converted into ciphertext before leaving the sender's device.
- HTTPS Websites: Encrypt data in transit to prevent third parties from intercepting sensitive information.
- Email Services: Providers like ProtonMail encrypt email contents before they're sent, protecting them from unauthorized access.
Decryption
- WhatsApp Messaging: The recipient's device automatically decrypts the received message, converting it back into readable text.
- HTTPS Websites: The browser decrypts incoming data using the correct key, allowing the webpage to load and display securely.
- Email Services: The recipient's email client decrypts the received email so its contents can be read.