JSON.cs/Program.cs at main · hyperhello/JSON.cs

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using System.Text;

// Examples of JSON.swift use with assertions for testing.

static class Program

{

private static void Assert(bool condition, string message = "Assertion failed.")

{

if (!condition) throw new InvalidOperationException(message);

}

private static JSON? ValueAt(JSON tree, IEnumerable<string> path)

{

var current = tree;

foreach (var component in path)

{

var next = current[component];

if (!next.HasValue) return null;

current = next.Value;

}

return current;

}

private sealed class Incrementer : IJSONProxy

{

private int value;

public JSON ResolveJSONProxy()

{

value += 1;

return new JSON(value);

}

private sealed class SettingsProxy : IJSONProxy

{

public string Title { get; set; } = "Initial";

public int Skip { get; set; } = 1;

public JSON ResolveJSONProxy() => JSON.NewObject(

("title", Title),

("skip", Skip));

public void SetJSONProxyValue(JSON key, JSON? value)

{

switch (key.String)

{

case "title":

if (value is { } title) Title = title.String ?? title.ToString();

break;

case "skip":

if (value is { } skip) Skip = (int)(skip.Int ?? Skip);

break;

}

private sealed class StableProxy : IJSONProxy

{

public JSON ResolveJSONProxy() => JSON.NewObject(("value", 1));

}

private sealed record Point(double X, double Y)

{

public JSON Json => JSON.NewObject(("x", X), ("y", Y));

}

private static void Main()

{

// there are two different ways to construct most of the types, equally valid.

Assert(new JSON("Hello World") == JSON.NewString("Hello World"));

Assert(new JSON(42) == JSON.NewInt(42));

Assert(new JSON(3.14) == JSON.NewNumber(3.14));

Assert(new JSON(true) == JSON.NewBool(true));

Assert(new JSON(false) == JSON.NewBool(false));

Assert(JSON.Null == JSON.NewNull());

Assert(new JSON(new[] { new JSON(1), new JSON(2), new JSON(3) }) ==

JSON.NewArray(new JSON(1), new JSON(2), new JSON(3)));

Assert(new JSON(new Dictionary<string, JSON>

{

["name"] = new JSON("Abel"),

["age"] = new JSON(46)

}) == JSON.NewObject(("name", new JSON("Abel")), ("age", new JSON(46))));

// WriteLine automatically calls .ToString(), so these output human-readable non-strict strings.

Console.WriteLine(new JSON("Hello World")); // Hello World

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(42)); // 42

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(3.14)); // 3.14

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(true)); // true

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(false)); // false

Console.WriteLine(JSON.NewArray(new JSON(1), new JSON(2), new JSON(3))); // [1, 2, 3]

Console.WriteLine(JSON.NewObject(("a", new JSON(1)), ("b", new JSON(true)), ("c", new JSON("cat")))); // { a: 1, b: true, c: "cat" }

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Null); // null

// the accessors will produce the raw C# value if desired.

Console.WriteLine(new JSON("Hello World").String); // Hello World

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(42).Int); // 42

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(3.14).Number); // 3.14

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(true).Bool); // True

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(false).Bool); // False

Console.WriteLine(JSON.NewArray(new JSON(1), new JSON(2), new JSON(3)).Array); // System.Collections.Generic.List`1[JSON]

Console.WriteLine(JSON.NewObject(("a", new JSON(1)), ("b", new JSON(true)), ("c", new JSON("cat"))).Object); // System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2[System.String,JSON]

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Null.IsNull); // True

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(1).IsNull); // False

// use .ToString() to casually convert to string, like JavaScript but nicer looking.

Console.WriteLine(new JSON("Hello World").ToString()); // Hello World

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(42).ToString()); // 42

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(3.14).ToString()); // 3.14

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(true).ToString()); // true

Console.WriteLine(new JSON(false).ToString()); // false

Console.WriteLine(JSON.NewArray(new JSON(1), new JSON(2), new JSON(3)).ToString()); // [1, 2, 3]

Console.WriteLine(JSON.NewObject( // { a: 1, b: true, c: "cat", d: [7, 8, 9], e: { moon: "bright" } }

("a", new JSON(1)), ("b", new JSON(true)), ("c", new JSON("cat")),

("d", JSON.NewArray(new JSON(7), new JSON(8), new JSON(9))),

("e", JSON.NewObject(("moon", new JSON("bright"))))).ToString());

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Null.ToString()); // null

// use JSON.Stringify() to produce standard textual JSON. The optional prettyPrinted adds whitespace.

try

{

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Stringify(new JSON("Hello World"), prettyPrinted: true)); // "Hello World"

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Stringify(new JSON(42), prettyPrinted: true)); // 42

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Stringify(new JSON(3.14), prettyPrinted: true)); // 3.14

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Stringify(new JSON(true), prettyPrinted: true)); // true

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Stringify(new JSON(false), prettyPrinted: true)); // false

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Stringify(JSON.NewArray(new JSON(1), new JSON(2), new JSON(3)), prettyPrinted: true)); // multiple lines of valid JSON

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Stringify(JSON.NewObject( // multiple lines of valid JSON

("a", new JSON(1)), ("b", new JSON(true)), ("c", new JSON("cat")),

("d", JSON.NewArray(new JSON(7), new JSON(8), new JSON(9))),

("e", JSON.NewObject(("moon", new JSON("bright"))))), prettyPrinted: true));

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Stringify(JSON.Null, prettyPrinted: true)); // null

// Double.NaN and double.PositiveInfinity cannot formally serialize and throw a JSON.Error instead which we can catch.

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Stringify(new JSON(double.NaN + double.PositiveInfinity), prettyPrinted: true));

// There are two other JSON.Error cases; one is not usually seen in C#, when serialized text cannot be represented as UTF-8.

// The other is when directly constructing JSON.FromObject(object) from a value that we don't support. Neither should come up in practice.

}

catch (JSON.Error error)

{

Console.WriteLine("Could not serialize: " + error.Message);

}

// Example 1. Configuration: JSON is convenient for small, loosely typed settings.

var configuration = JSON.NewObject(

("theme", new JSON("dark")),

("fontSize", new JSON(14)),

("notifications", new JSON(true)));

Assert(configuration["theme"]?.String == "dark");

Assert(configuration.GetPath(["theme"])?.String == "dark");

Assert(configuration["fontSize"]?.Int == 14);

// Example 2. API request data: JSON can form a portable request body.

var requestBody = JSON.NewObject(

("username", new JSON("ada")),

("email", new JSON("[email protected]")));

var requestText = JSON.Stringify(requestBody, prettyPrinted: false);

Assert(requestText.Contains("[email protected]"));

Assert(requestBody.GetPath(["email"])?.String == "[email protected]");

// Example 3. API responses: optional subscripts handle absent or changing fields.

var response = JSON.NewObject(

("user", JSON.NewObject(("name", new JSON("Ada")), ("active", new JSON(true)))));

Assert(response["user"]?["name"]?.String == "Ada");

Assert(response["user", "name"]?.String == "Ada");

Assert(response.GetPath(["user", "name"])?.String == "Ada");

Assert(response["user"] is { } responseUser &&

responseUser.Object is { } responseObject &&

!responseObject.ContainsKey("missing"));

Assert(response.GetPath(["user", "missing"]) is null);

// Example 4. Preferences: serialized JSON can be stored as ordinary byte data.

var preferenceText = JSON.Stringify(configuration, prettyPrinted: false);

var preferenceData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(preferenceText);

Assert(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(preferenceData) == preferenceText);

// Example 5. Loading persisted state: Parse reconstructs the same ordinary tree.

var loadedPreferences = JSON.Parse(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(preferenceData));

Assert(loadedPreferences == configuration);

Assert(loadedPreferences.GetPath(["theme"])?.String == "dark");

// Example 6. Document trees: nested objects and arrays model files, scenes, or views.

var document = JSON.NewObject(

("type", new JSON("folder")),

("children", JSON.NewArray(

JSON.NewObject(("type", new JSON("file")), ("name", new JSON("readme.txt"))),

JSON.NewObject(("type", new JSON("file")), ("name", new JSON("notes.txt"))))));

Assert(document["children"]?[1]?["name"]?.String == "notes.txt");

Assert(document["children", 1, "name"]?.String == "notes.txt");

Assert(document.GetPath(["children", 1, "name"])?.String == "notes.txt");

// Example 7. Dynamic interchange: a type field can select an interpretation.

var dynamicItem = JSON.NewObject(("type", new JSON("image")), ("width", new JSON(640)), ("height", new JSON(480)));

if (dynamicItem["type"]?.String is { } kind)

{

Assert(kind == "image");

}

Assert(dynamicItem["width"]?.Int == 640);

Assert(dynamicItem.GetPath(["width"])?.Int == 640);

// Example 8. Partial updates: change only the members that an operation addresses.

var applicationState = JSON.NewObject(

("user", JSON.NewObject(("name", new JSON("Ada")))),

("debug", new JSON(false)));

var user = applicationState["user"]!.Value;

user["name"] = new JSON("Grace");

applicationState["user"] = user;

applicationState["debug"] = new JSON(true);

Assert(applicationState.SetPath(["user", "name"], new JSON("Grace")));

Assert(applicationState["user"]?["name"]?.String == "Grace");

Assert(applicationState["user", "name"]?.String == "Grace");

Assert(applicationState["debug"]?.Bool == true);

// Example 9. Schema validation: accept a dynamic object only when required fields fit.

var candidate = JSON.NewObject(("id", new JSON(17)), ("name", new JSON("Record")));

var isValidRecord = candidate["id"]?.Int is not null &&

candidate["name"]?.String is not null;

Assert(isValidRecord);

Assert(candidate.GetPath(["id"])?.Int == 17);

// Example 10. Domain serialization: a C# value can expose a JSON representation.

var point = new Point(2.5, 4);

Assert(point.Json["x"]?.Number == 2.5);

Assert(point.Json.GetPath(["x"])?.Number == 2.5);

// Example 11. Event logs: JSON can describe actions without defining an event class.

var renameEvent = JSON.NewObject(

("action", new JSON("rename")),

("path", JSON.NewArray(new JSON("document"), new JSON("title"))),

("value", new JSON("New title")));

Assert(renameEvent["action"]?.String == "rename");

Assert(renameEvent["path"]?[1]?.String == "title");

Assert(renameEvent.GetPath(["path", 1])?.String == "title");

// Example 12. Synchronization: compare a received state with the local state.

var localState = JSON.NewObject(("version", new JSON(3)), ("online", new JSON(true)));

var receivedState = JSON.NewObject(("version", new JSON(3)), ("online", new JSON(true)));

Assert(localState == receivedState);

Assert(receivedState.GetPath(["version"])?.Int == 3);

// Example 13. Paths: a simple path can identify a location independently of its tree.

var path = new[] { "user", "settings", "theme" };

var themedState = JSON.NewObject(

("user", JSON.NewObject(

("settings", JSON.NewObject(("theme", new JSON("dark")))))));

Assert(ValueAt(themedState, path)?.String == "dark");

Assert(themedState.GetPath(path)?.String == "dark");

Assert(themedState.GetPath(["user", "settings", "theme"])?.String == "dark");

// Example 14. Patches: operations can be represented as data and applied explicitly.

var patch = JSON.NewObject(

("action", new JSON("replace")),

("path", JSON.NewArray(new JSON("debug"))),

("value", new JSON(true)));

var patchedState = JSON.NewObject(("debug", new JSON(false)));

if (patch["action"]?.String == "replace" &&

patch["path"]?[0]?.String is { } key &&

patch["value"] is { } patchValue)

{

patchedState[key] = patchValue;

Assert(patchedState.SetPath([key], patchValue));

}

Assert(patchedState["debug"]?.Bool == true);

// Example 15. Live values: proxies provide changing or externally owned JSON values.

var liveCounterObject = new Incrementer();

var liveCounter = JSON.NewProxy(liveCounterObject);

Assert(liveCounter.Proxy is not null);

Assert(liveCounter.Int == 1);

Assert(liveCounter.Int == 2);

Assert(JSON.Stringify(liveCounter, prettyPrinted: false) == "3");

Assert(!liveCounter.Equals(liveCounter));

// Example 16. Reactive state: a proxy can be a controlled state boundary inside a tree.

var reactiveSettingsObject = new SettingsProxy();

var reactiveState = JSON.NewObject(("settings", JSON.NewProxy(reactiveSettingsObject)));

Assert(reactiveState["settings"]?["title"]?.String == "Initial");

Assert(reactiveState["settings", "title"]?.String == "Initial");

Assert(reactiveState.GetPath(["settings", "title"])?.String == "Initial");

var settingsValue = reactiveState["settings"]!.Value;

settingsValue["skip"] = new JSON(5);

Assert(reactiveState.SetPath(["settings", "skip"], new JSON(5)));

Assert(reactiveSettingsObject.Skip == 5);

Assert(JSON.Stringify(reactiveState, prettyPrinted: false).Contains("\"skip\":5"));

// Example 17. Tests resolve-based equality for stable and stateful proxies.

Assert(JSON.NewProxy(new StableProxy()) == JSON.NewProxy(new StableProxy()));

Assert(JSON.NewProxy(new StableProxy()).GetPath([])?["value"]?.Int == 1);

// Extra, simple loose assertions made during testing.

var person = JSON.NewObject(

("name", new JSON("Ada")),

("age", new JSON(36)),

("admin", new JSON(true)),

("tags", JSON.NewArray(new JSON("math"), new JSON("programming"))),

("middleName", JSON.Null));

Assert(person["name"]?.String == "Ada");

Assert(person.GetPath(["name"])?.String == "Ada");

Assert(person["age"]?.Int == 36);

Assert(person["tags"]?[0]?.String == "math");

Assert(person["tags", 0]?.String == "math");

Assert(person.GetPath(["tags", 0])?.String == "math");

Assert(person["middleName"]?.IsNull == true);

Assert(person == JSON.NewObject(

("middleName", JSON.Null),

("tags", JSON.NewArray(new JSON("math"), new JSON("programming"))),

("admin", new JSON(true)),

("age", new JSON(36)),

("name", new JSON("Ada"))));

// explicit constructors, assignment, removal, and invalid receivers.

person["age"] = new JSON(37);

person["admin"] = new JSON(false);

person["temporary"] = null;

Assert(person.SetPath(["age"], new JSON(37)));

Assert(person["age"]?.Int == 37);

Assert(person["admin"]?.Bool == false);

Assert(person["temporary"] is null);

person["middleName"] = null;

Assert(person["middleName"] is null);

Assert(person.RemoveValue("admin")?.Bool == false);

Assert(person.RemoveValue("missing") is null);

var scalar = new JSON(1);

scalar["ignored"] = new JSON(2);

Assert(scalar == new JSON(1));

// approved JSON mutation separately from a detached copy-on-write snapshot

var copyOnWrite = JSON.NewObject(("a", new JSON(1)));

copyOnWrite["a"] = new JSON(2);

Assert(copyOnWrite["a"]?.Int == 2);

var detachedObject = copyOnWrite.Object!;

detachedObject["a"] = new JSON(3);

Assert(copyOnWrite["a"]?.Int == 2);

Assert(detachedObject["a"].Int == 3);

// arrays, indexed mutation, removal, and bounds checks

var numbers = JSON.NewArray(new JSON(10), new JSON(20), new JSON(30));

numbers[1] = new JSON(25);

numbers[0] = null;

numbers[20] = new JSON(99);

Assert(numbers == JSON.NewArray(new JSON(25), new JSON(30)));

Assert(numbers[0]?.Int == 25);

// direct string to number conversion

Assert(new JSON("42").Int == 42);

Assert(new JSON("2.5").Number == 2.5);

Assert(new JSON("2.5").Int is null);

Assert(new JSON("not a number").Number is null);

// whole-value replacement through object and array accessors

JSON replaceable = JSON.NewObject(("old", new JSON(true)));

replaceable = JSON.NewObject(("new", new JSON(1)));

Assert(replaceable["new"]?.Int == 1);

replaceable = JSON.NewArray(new JSON("a"), new JSON("b"));

Assert(replaceable[1]?.String == "b");

replaceable = JSON.Null;

Assert(replaceable.IsNull);

// Printing: use ToString for a quick value view and Stringify for formatting

var printable = JSON.NewObject(("message", new JSON("Hello, JSON")), ("count", new JSON(3)));

Console.WriteLine("Simple JSON: " + printable.ToString());

Console.WriteLine("Compact JSON:");

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Stringify(printable, prettyPrinted: false));

Console.WriteLine("Pretty JSON:");

Console.WriteLine(JSON.Stringify(printable, prettyPrinted: true));

// parsing, compact and pretty serialization, and .NET object bridging

var compact = JSON.Stringify(person, prettyPrinted: false);

var restored = JSON.Parse(compact);

Assert(restored == person);

Assert(JSON.Parse("42").Int == 42);

Assert(JSON.Parse("2.5") == new JSON(2.5));

Assert(JSON.Parse("\"text\"").String == "text");

Assert(JSON.Parse("true").Bool == true);

Assert(JSON.Parse("null").IsNull);

Assert(JSON.Parse("[1, 2, 3]") == JSON.NewArray(new JSON(1), new JSON(2), new JSON(3)));

Assert(JSON.Parse("{\"a\":1,\"b\":true}") == JSON.NewObject(("a", new JSON(1)), ("b", new JSON(true))));

var pretty = JSON.Stringify(

JSON.NewObject(("empty", JSON.NewObject()), ("values", JSON.NewArray())),

prettyPrinted: true);

Assert(pretty.Contains("\"empty\""));

Assert(pretty.Contains("\"values\""));

Assert(JSON.FromObject(person) == person);

try

{

_ = JSON.FromObject(DateTime.Now);

Assert(false, "DateTime should not be accepted as JSON.");

}

catch (JSON.Error error) when (error.ErrorCode == JSON.Error.Code.InvalidFoundationValue)

{

}

try

{

_ = JSON.Stringify(new JSON(double.NaN));

Assert(false, "NaN should not be accepted as JSON.");

}

catch (JSON.Error error) when (error.ErrorCode == JSON.Error.Code.InvalidNumber)

{

}

// If you lived here, you'd be home by now!

Console.WriteLine("√√√ All JSON tests passed");

}

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