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American Institute of Physics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

American Institute of Physics
AbbreviationAIP
Formation1931
Type501(c)(3) not-for-profit membership corporation[1]
HeadquartersAmerican Center for Physics (ACP)
Location
  • College Park, Maryland
Members120,000 scientists, engineers, educators, and students[1]
CEO
Michael H. Moloney
Budget75 million USD[2]
Websitewww.aip.org Edit this at Wikidata

The American Institute of Physics (AIP) promotes science and the profession of physics, publishes physics journals, and produces publications for scientific and engineering societies. The AIP is made up of various member societies. Its corporate headquarters are at the American Center for Physics in College Park, Maryland, but the institute also has offices in Melville, New York, and Beijing.[1]

Historical overview

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The AIP was founded in 1931 as a response to lack of funding for the sciences during the Great Depression.[3] The AIP was founded in 1931 at a joint meeting between four physics societies: the American Physical Society, the Optical Society of America, the Acoustical Society of America, and the Society of Rheology. These were soon joined by the American Association of Physics Teachers, for a total of five societies.[4] It formally incorporated in 1932 consisting of five original "member societies", and a total of four thousand members. As soon as the AIP was established it began publishing scientific journals.[5] By 1943, the AIP published eight journals: Physical Review, Reviews of Modern Physics, Journal of the Optical Society of America, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, American Journal of Physics, Review of Scientific Instruments, Journal of Applied Physics, and Journal of Chemical Physics.[4]

A new set of member societies was added beginning in the mid-1960s.[5]

The organization restructured in 2013, creating a new subsidiary, AIP Publishing LLC, to manage physical publications of its journals with a smaller board.[6]

Member societies

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The American Center for Physics, in College Park, Maryland
The American Center for Physics, in College Park, Maryland

Affiliated societies

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List of publications

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The AIP has a subsidiary called AIP Publishing (wholly owned non-profit) dedicated to scholarly publishing by the AIP and its member societies, as well on behalf of other partners.[7]

AIP style

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AIP created a manual of style first introduced in 1951, called AIP style, which also includes the AIP citation format.[8] It is the most commonly used style and citation format in physics publications.[9][10][11]

Awards and prizes bestowed by the AIP

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  • Andrew Gemant Award – "Recognizes significant contributions to the cultural, artistic, or humanistic dimension of physics"[12]
  • John T. Tate Medal for International Leadership in Physics – "Presented for distinguished service to the profession of physics by a non-U.S. national." The award is given biennially on odd-numbered years, and was first given in 1960.[13]
  • Karl T. Compton Medal for Leadership in Physics – "Presented for distinguished statesmanship in science." The award is given biennially on even-numbered years, and was established in 1957.[14]
  • Dannie Heineman Astrophysics Prize – "Recognizes accomplishments in theoretical astrophysics." Established in 1978, awarded jointly by the AIP and the American Astronomical Society, and funded by the Heineman Foundation.[15]
  • Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics – "Recognizes accomplishments in mathematical physics." Established in 1959, awarded jointly by the AIP and the American Physical Society, and funded by the Heineman Foundation.[16]
  • Abraham Pais Award for History of Physics – "Recognizes outstanding scholarly achievements in the history of physics." Established in 2005, awarded jointly by the AIP and the American Physical Society.[17]
  • Meggers Project Award – "Awarded biennially for projects designed to improve high school physics"[18]
  • Prize for Industrial Applications of Physics – "Sponsored by General Motors and awarded biennially to publicize the value of physics research in industry"[18]
  • Fluid Dynamics Prize – "Recognizes outstanding achievement in research with demonstrated major impact on the discipline, jointly sponsored with the American Physical Society's Division of Fluid Dynamics"[18]
  • Science Communication Awards – "Awarded for excellence in Science Communication in Physics and Astronomy for the general public in four categories: Science Writing: Books; Science Writing: Articles; Writing for Children; and Broadcast and New Media"[19]

See also

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References

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  1. 1 2 3 "About AIP". AIP | American Institute of Physics. n.d. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
  2. ↑ "Organization and Governance". AIP | American Institute of Physics. n.d. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
  3. ↑ "History of AIP". American Institute of Physics. July 2010.
  4. 1 2 Barton, Henry A.; Burnham, George H. (1943). "The American Institute of Physics". Science. 97 (2512). American Association for the Advancement of Science: 172–176. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 1669465. Retrieved May 26, 2024.
  5. 1 2 Harry Lustig (May 1999). "TO ADVANCE AND DIFFUSE THE KNOWLEDGE OF PHYSICS: An account of the one-hundred year history of the American Physical Society" (PDF). aps.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 2, 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2024.
  6. ↑ Michael Lucibella (May 1, 2013). "AIP Reorganizes its Publishing Operations". American Physical Society. Retrieved May 26, 2024.
  7. ↑ About AIP Publishing
  8. ↑ AIP Style Manual - Prepared under the Direction of the AIP Publication Board (PDF) (4th ed.). American Institute of Physics. 1990. ISBN 978-0-88318-642-8. OCLC 471598204.
  9. ↑ Lipson, Charles (2006). Cite Right. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-48475-4. OCLC 62533865.
  10. ↑ "Citation and style manuals - American Institute of Physics (AIP)". Virginia Tech. Retrieved October 25, 2023.
  11. ↑ "Science & Engineering Citation Style Guide: American Institute of Physics (AIP)". USC Libraries. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  12. ↑ "Andrew Gemant Award". AIP. Retrieved September 8, 2026.
  13. ↑ "Tate Medal for International Leadership in Physics". AIP. Retrieved September 8, 2026.
  14. ↑ "Compton Medal for Leadership in Physics". AIP. Retrieved September 8, 2026.
  15. ↑ "Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics". American Astronomical Society. Retrieved September 8, 2026.
  16. ↑ "Dannie Heineman Prize". American Physical Society. June 1, 2026. Retrieved September 8, 2026.
  17. ↑ "Abraham Pais Prize for History of Physics". American Physical Society. June 1, 2026. Retrieved September 8, 2026.
  18. 1 2 3 "Awards and Prizes". aip.org. December 16, 2013. Archived from the original on August 12, 2021. Retrieved September 8, 2026.
  19. ↑ "Science Communication Awards". aip.org. August 13, 2013. Archived from the original on May 8, 2021. Retrieved September 8, 2026.
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Archival collections

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Niels Bohr Library & Archives

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